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23 NOVEMBER 1896  
The huge timbers of the central scaffolding are silhouetted against the sky. With
plans in hand, the workmen prepare the wooden frame for the massive masonry dome.
The "Danger Beware of Elevator" sign stands sentry. Notice the tools these men are
holding: hods and shovels. Orlando W. Norcross, master builder, had planned a
continuous-pour concrete dome for Low Memorial Library. Employing this technology
on such a massive structure was a daring innovation for the time. In the lengthy
debates over this proposal, Seth Low immediately voiced his approval. The New
York City Building Department, however, did not give Norcross final authorization
to proceed with the pour until late in November of 1896. As Norcross was unwilling
to risk a concrete pour in cold weather, he chose instead to create a genuine vault of
brick masonry.

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